Rock Paper Scissors

Level: Beginner 15–30 min

Concepts: Algorithms

Solutions: C# | TypeScript | Python


Rock Paper Scissors is a game involving two players making pre-defined hand gestures at each other. The gesture that each player uses is played against the other, with a winner being decided based on the rules being used.

The three gestures used in base Rock Paper Scissors are… well… rock, paper, and scissors. The way these are scored is as such: Rock beats Scissors, Scissors beats Paper, and Paper beats Rock. It gets a lot more complicated when you introduce new gestures, but let’s keep it simple for now.

Now create a backend for the game that we can use to hook up to our many game clients we’re going to be creating.

Test Cases

Player MoveOpponent MoveResult
PaperScissorsPlayer Loses
PaperPaperTie
RockScissorsPlayer Wins
RockPaperPlayer Loses
RockRockTie
ScissorsPaperPlayer Wins
ScissorsRockPlayer Loses
ScissorsScissorsTie

Bonus

Extend the game engine to include the rules for Rock, Paper, Scissors and Spock. The new moves to include are:

  • Spock smashes Scissors
  • Paper disproves Spock
  • Spock vaporizes Rock

After implementing the additional rules make sure your code has no if statements.

Reference Walkthrough

Reference implementations in C#, TypeScript, and Python live at tddbuddy-reference-katas/rock-paper-scissors. Nine scenarios — the full 3×3 matrix of plays from player 1’s perspective — are shared across all three languages, each a single pure function decide(Play, Play) → Outcome. The Spock extension and the no-if-statements constraint from the bonus section are intentionally out of scope for the reference; the three-way base game is sufficient to demonstrate the F1 shape with typed enums.

This kata ships in Agent Full-Bake mode at high gear (F1 tier): the algorithm is small enough to land as one commit per language, with a brief walkthrough noting there are no builders — but the plays and outcomes are modelled as typed enums (C# enum, TypeScript string-literal unions, Python StrEnum) rather than bare strings. The closed set of three plays and three outcomes is the ubiquitous language, and typed enums prevent "Rock" vs "rock" drift at call sites. See the repo’s Gears section for when high gear is the right call.